Lead Poisoning
References
Citations
Heston TF (2000). Lead poisoning. In RE Rakel, ed., Saunders Manual of Medical Practice, 2nd ed., pp. 1513–1515. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders.
Pearson HA, Schonfeld DJ (2003). Lead. In CD Rudolph et al., eds., Rudolph's Pediatrics, 21st ed., pp. 368–371. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Robertson WO (2004). Lead section of Chronic poisoning: Trace metals and others. In L Goldman, JC Bennett, eds., Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 22nd ed., vol. 1, pp. 92–93. Philadelphia: Saunders.
American Academy of Pediatrics (2000). Herbal vitamins, lead poisoning, developmental delay. Pediatrics, 106: 600–602.
U.S. Centers for Disease Control (2005). Blood lead levels—United States, 1999–2002. MMWR, 54(20): 513–516.
Needleman HL (2002). Management of lead toxicity. In FD Burg et al., eds., Gellis and Kagan's Current Pediatric Therapy, 17th ed., pp. 1051–1052. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders.
Friedrich MJ (2000). Poor children subject to "environmental injustice." JAMA, 283(23): 3057–3058.
Aronson JE, et al. (2000). Elevated blood lead levels among internationally adopted children—United States, 1998. JAMA, 283(11): 1417–1418.
Long H, Nelson LS (2004). Metals and metalloids. In JE Tintinalli et al., eds., Emergency Medicine, 6th ed., pp. 1146–1153. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Wright RO, et al. (2003). Association between iron deficiency and blood lead level in a longitudinal analysis of children followed in an urban primary care clinic. Journal of Pediatrics, 142: 9–14.
Canfield RL, et al. (2003). Intellectual impairment in children with blood lead concentrations below 10 µg per deciliter. New England Journal of Medicine, 348(16): 1517–1526.
Shannon MW (1998). Lead. In LM Haddad et al., eds., Clinical Management of Poisoning and Drug Overdose, 3rd ed., pp. 767–783. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2000). Recommendations for blood lead screening of young children enrolled in Medicaid: Targeting a group at high risk. MMWR, 49(RR-14): 1–13.
U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (2006). Screening for elevated blood lead levels in children and pregnant women. Available online: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/uspslead.htm.
Rhoads GC, et al. (1999). The effect of dust lead control on blood lead in toddlers: A randomized trial. Pediatrics, 103(3): 551–555.
Rogan WJ, et al. (2001). The effect of chelation therapy with succimer on neuropsychological development in children exposed to lead. New England Journal of Medicine, 344(19): 1421–1471.
Lin JL, et al. (1999). Chelation therapy for patients with elevated body lead burden and progressive renal insufficiency. Annals of Internal Medicine, 130: 7–13.
Simon JA, Hudes ES (1999). Relationship of ascorbic acid to blood lead levels. JAMA, 281(24): 2289–2293.
Other Works Consulted
Kemper AR, et al. (2005). Follow-up testing among children with elevated screening blood lead levels. JAMA, 293(18): 2232–2237.
Matte TD (1999). Reducing blood lead levels: Benefits and strategies. JAMA, 281(24): 2340–2342.
Olson KR (2005). Lead section of Poisoning. In LM Tierney et al., eds., Current Medical Diagnosis and Treatment 2005, 44th ed., pp. 1577–1578. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Rogan WJ, et al. (2001). The effect of chelation therapy with succimer on neuropsychological development in children exposed to lead. New England Journal of Medicine, 344(19): 1421–1426.
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| Author: | Sydney Youngerman-Cole, RN, BSN, RNC | Last Updated: July 26, 2006 |
| Medical Review: | Michael J. Sexton, MD - Pediatrics R. Steven Tharratt, MD, MPVM, FACP, FCCP - Pulmonology, Critical Care, Medical Toxicology | |
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